Introduction
The global adipic acid market is projected to grow significantly in the coming years, with its market size expected to reach USD 9.1 billion by 2033, up from USD 6.1 billion in 2023, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.1% from 2023 to 2033. This growth is driven by several factors, including increased demand from the automotive and electronics industries, where adipic acid is a key component in the production of nylon 6,6 fibers and resins. The rise in electric vehicle adoption is also fueling the demand for lightweight and durable materials such as nylon, which is used extensively in vehicle manufacturing.
Challenges in the market include the volatility in raw material prices and the environmental concerns associated with adipic acid production, which is traditionally derived from petrochemical sources. However, there is a growing trend towards the development of bio-based adipic acid, which is expected to mitigate some of these environmental concerns and provide new growth opportunities.
Asia’s only adipic acid producer with two production bases – one in the Asahi Kasei production complex at Nobeoka City in southern Japan, and the other in South Korea through production consignment – ensuring a sure, stable supply that meets the widespread and growing demand for adipic acid. Asahi Kasei Corporation is actively involved in the adipic acid sector, primarily producing it as an intermediate for their engineering plastic, Leona™ PA66. This plastic is used in automotive, electronics, and airbag fabrics due to its high heat resistance and rigidity.
Invista is a key player in the adipic acid market, leveraging its production capabilities to support the manufacturing of nylon 6,6 fibers and resins. These materials are crucial for various applications, including automotive components, textiles, and industrial products. INVISTA’s commitment to sustainability is evident through its investment in advanced technologies and processes to enhance the efficiency and environmental footprint of its adipic acid production
Statistics
- About 2.5 billion kilograms of this white crystalline powder are produced annually, mainly as a precursor for the production of nylon.
- The molecular weight of adipic acid: is 146.1412
- Exact mass of adipic acid: 146.057908808
- The melting point of adipic acid ranges from 176 to 185 °C, which is equivalent to 349 to 365 °F or 449 to 458 K.
- This substance is registered under the Reach Regulation and is manufactured in and/or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 000 to < 10 000 000 tonnes per annum.
- The density of adipic acid at 25 °C is 1.360 g/cm³. Its flash point is 196 °C, and it has an ignition temperature of 405 °C.
- Adipic acid has a pH value of 2.7 when dissolved in water at a concentration of 23 g/l at 25 °C. Its vapor pressure is 0.097 hPa at 18.5 °C, and its bulk density is 700 kg/m³.
- solubility of adipic acid is 15g/l
- Adipic acid has an oral LD50 of 5700 mg/kg in rats. For dermal exposure, the LD50 in rabbits is greater than 7940 mg/kg.
- Adipic acid has an assay (acidimetric) of at least 99.0%. The melting range of the acid has a lower value of 150 °C or higher and an upper value of 154 °C or lower.
- Reduction of ccMA to adipic acid is performed using platinum, rhodium, or palladium catalysts, with a catalyst cost of around $0.30 per kg of adipic acid.
- Direct production of adipic acid from glucose through a reverse adipate degradation pathway has been achieved but has a lower maximum theoretical yield (67%)
- Techno-economic analysis (TEA) accounting for both fixed and variable costs concluded that a fully biological route to adipic acid from glucose would result in an adipic acid price point of $1.36/kg, while fully chemical and hybrid biological and chemical routes would result in price points of $1.56/kg and $1.48/kg.
- A separate TEA showed that switching feedstock from glucose to lignin monomers reduced adipic acid minimum selling price by 50% due to increased productivity and decreased feedstock cost.
- Adipic acid has an assay (acidimetric) of at least 99.0%. The melting range of the acid has a lower value of 150 °C or higher and an upper value of 154 °C or lower.
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Emerging Trends
Increased Demand for Nylon: The demand for adipic acid is driven by its extensive use in the production of nylon 6,6. This polymer is widely used in textiles, automotive components, and industrial applications due to its strength, flexibility, and durability.
Lightweight Materials in Automotive: The automotive industry is increasingly adopting lightweight materials for better fuel efficiency and reduced emissions. Adipic acid-based nylon components, such as air intake manifolds and engine covers, are essential in achieving these goals.
Sustainable Production Methods: There is a significant shift towards sustainable production of adipic acid. Companies are exploring bio-based and low-carbon methods, such as enzymatic fermentation using renewable feedstocks like glucose and lignocellulosic biomass, to reduce environmental impact and reliance on petroleum.
Rising Packaging Applications: Adipic acid is used in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resins, which are crucial for packaging applications.
Growth in Polyurethanes: Adipic acid is a key ingredient in polyurethane production, which is widely used in furniture, insulation, automotive, and footwear industries. The increasing use of polyurethanes in these sectors is driving the demand for adipic acid.
Use Cases
Nylon Production: Adipic acid is essential for making nylon-6,6, a versatile synthetic polymer used in textiles, carpets, and industrial products. Approximately 70% of adipic acid is used in nylon production. For instance, the global demand for nylon fibers is projected to reach 4.4 million tons by 2025.
Polyurethane Manufacturing: It is used in making polyurethane, a material found in foams, coatings, and adhesives. Adipic acid contributes to about 15% of the total polyurethane market. The global polyurethane market size was valued at $79 billion in 2022, with significant growth expected.
Plasticizers and Additives: Adipic acid is used in producing plasticizers, which enhance the flexibility and durability of plastics. It is a key component in about 5% of plasticizer formulations, contributing to the global plasticizer market, valued at $27 billion in 2023.
Food and Beverage Industry: Adipic acid is also used as a food additive for acidifying and flavoring. It is utilized in around 2% of the food additives market, which was valued at $45 billion in 2023.
Key players
Asia’s only adipic acid producer with two production bases – one in the Asahi Kasei production complex at Nobeoka City in southern Japan, and the other in South Korea through production consignment – ensuring a sure, stable supply that meets the widespread and growing demand for adipic acid. Asahi Kasei Corporation is actively involved in the adipic acid sector, primarily producing it as an intermediate for their engineering plastic, Leona™ PA66. This plastic is used in automotive, electronics, and airbag fabrics due to its high heat resistance and rigidity.
Invista is a key player in the adipic acid market, leveraging its production capabilities to support the manufacturing of nylon 6,6 fibers and resins. These materials are crucial for various applications, including automotive components, textiles, and industrial products. INVISTA’s commitment to sustainability is evident through its investment in advanced technologies and processes to enhance the efficiency and environmental footprint of its adipic acid production
Lanxess, a global leader in specialty chemicals, actively participates in the adipic acid sector through its high-quality production capabilities. The company leverages advanced technologies to manufacture adipic acid, a key ingredient in the production of nylon and other polymers. Lanxess’s commitment to sustainability and innovation in its processes ensures high-performance products while minimizing environmental impact.
Liaoyang Tianhua Chemical Co., Ltd is a prominent Chinese manufacturer specializing in adipic acid production. The company utilizes modern technology to produce high-purity adipic acid, essential for creating nylon and various polyurethanes. Their focus on efficiency and product quality supports their position in the global market.
Synergistic vertical integration, of polyamide production in particular, is one of Radici Group’s strengths. Indeed, the Group has total control over its production chain, from chemical intermediates, such as adipic acid, to polyamides 6 and 6.6, engineering polymers, and synthetic yarn. Radici Partecipazioni S.p.A. is actively involved in the adipic acid sector through its subsidiary Radici Chimica. They focus on producing high-quality adipic acid, which is a key raw material for nylon manufacturing. Their operations emphasize sustainable practices and innovation, contributing to the competitive landscape of the global adipic acid market.
Solvay is a significant player in the adipic acid sector, leveraging its advanced chemical engineering capabilities. The company produces adipic acid primarily for the automotive and textile industries, where it is used to create durable nylon products. Solvay’s commitment to sustainability and technological innovation enhances its market position.
Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. is a prominent player in the adipic acid market, known for its strong presence in the production and supply of this crucial compound used in manufacturing nylon and other polymers. The company leverages advanced technology to produce high-quality adipic acid efficiently, supporting various industrial applications globally. Their commitment to sustainability and innovation helps them maintain a competitive edge in the industry.
Domo Chemicals operates as a key supplier in the adipic acid sector, focusing on producing high-purity adipic acid for use in textiles, automotive, and other industrial sectors. The company emphasizes sustainability in its production processes, aiming to reduce environmental impact while delivering reliable and high-performance products to its clients worldwide. DOMO’s expertise and commitment to quality make it a significant contributor to the global adipic acid market.
Ascend Performance Materials is a key player in the adipic acid sector, focusing on producing high-quality adipic acid used in various applications, including the manufacturing of nylon and polyurethane. The company leverages its advanced technologies and operational expertise to enhance production efficiency and product consistency.
Conclusion
The adipic acid market is expanding due to increasing needs in the automotive, electronics, and textiles industries, where it is used to produce nylon and other essential materials. Companies are investing in eco-friendly production methods to meet regulatory standards and reduce environmental impact, reflecting a shift towards more sustainable practices. Innovations in production technologies are improving efficiency and reducing costs, enabling manufacturers to better meet the growing market demand. The market is influenced by fluctuations in raw material prices and global economic conditions, impacting supply chains and pricing strategies. Key players like Ascend Performance Materials and DOMO Chemicals are enhancing their market positions through strategic investments and advancements in production technology.
Sources:
http://exposome-explorer.iarc.fr/compounds/2079
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adipic_acid_dihydrazide
https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.004.250
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